MID-QUARTER+1+STUDY+GUIDE

Mid-Quarter Study Guide
Remember to cite specific examples for all of the following topics:


 * Factors of Analysis**

Overall Impact
 * Renaissance**

Why did it start in Italy?

How did it effect the economy?

How did Renaissance art and architecture demonstrate ideals of the era?

Humanism

How did the Renaissance spread all over Europe?

Empiricism
 * Scientific Revolution**

Scholasticism

What perspective about the world did Scientific Revolution philosophers hope to push forward?

What problem were early philosophers in the Scientific Revolution trying to solve?

How did Arabic numerals transform science?

What did the Scientific Revolution accomplish?

Roger Bacon
 * Key Figures**

Ptolemy

Nicolaus Copernicus

Tyco Brahe

Johannes Kepler

Galileo Galilei

Francis Bacon

Isaac Newton

What was the purpose of the Protestant Reformation?
 * Protestant Reformation**

What were the major arguments Protestants had against the church?

Describe how the Protestant Reformation was both religious and political.

How did the church respond to the Protestant Reformation?

What was the outcome of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation or Counter-Reformation?

Martin Luther
 * Key Figures and Ideas**

Lutheranism

John Calvin

Calvinism

Ulrich Zwingli

Zwinglianism

John Knox

Henry VIII

Church of England

Peace of Augsburg

Council of Trent

Inquisition

Causes** Economic
 * Age of Exploration / Colonialism or Imperialism 1.0

Cultural

Political

Technological

Christopher Columbus
 * Course**

Prince Henry the Navigator

Treaty of Tordesillas

Economic
 * Consequences**

Political

Cultural

Social

Goals of the Enlightenment
 * The Enlightenment or Age of Reason**

Thomas Hobbes’ Social Contract and Natural Law

Baruch Spinoza’s Natural Law

John Locke’s Natural Law and Views on Government

Rene Descartes’ Caresianism

What was absolutism and why were people fighting monarchs?

What were the three common themes of the philosophe movement?

What were the three central ideas of the philosophe movement?

What were Voltaire’s two specific philosophical projects?

Why was the Encyclopedia such a groundbreaking work?

Why did Montesquieu believe that the British constitution was the best form of government?

What are the three recommendations Adam Smith made to develop the modern economy?

How did Cesare Beccaria propose reform to the justice and penal system?

What does Rousseau argue is the difference between being uncivilized and civilized?

What was Rousseau’s version of the Social Contract?

Is the Enlightenment finished or not?