IR+Toondoo+B+Joodi+Andi+David


 * Causes**

Improvements in transportation and commerce, and banking and finance allowed goods to be traded more easily and allowed money to circulate

A dramatic population growth in America and Europe, so a need for large amounts of cheap cloth grew


 * First started with guilds**

Businesses at homes

Trading merchants and famers, etc.

Men and women were almost equal in economic


 * Hard work in the Countryside**

Before the industrial revolution, rural societies included a complex interweaving of farming and small-scale manufactory

Women struggled with balancing home and work

Although methods of production could be primitive, the productions at home involved a complex organization linking producers and consumers especially the merchants playing a key role

Workers had more independence and control as masters of their own trades when working in their own homes

Domestic manufactures were scattered over the country; they were cultivators


 * The Power of Guilds**

Rural dwellers freely combined domestic manufacture and agriculture, passing skills down from one generation to the next

Urban areas powerful guilds regulated the training of workers and the quality and prices of the goods, not many women

Guilds were doomed in Europe and never gained a foothold in US

Guilds stood in the way of economic progress

Guilds were outlawed


 * Labor Bondage**

African and African Americans worked as slaves on plantations

Indentured Servants are different from slaves: they worked for low wages for a fixed period of time

Serfdom: were viewed as the property of landowners and were required to work on specific estates or farms for life but they had some rights

Slaves: bought and sold and had no legal rights


 * Rural Revolution**

Enormous changes occurred in agriculture and domestic manufacture

Landlords threw up fences around common land

Many landless peasants who were deprived of common land for pasturing animals or planting, now hired themselves as day laborers

Farmers began producing more food to feed more people

TOONDO: POPULATION BOOM media type="custom" key="2770081"