2009+World+History+Final+Project+D+Lisa

= What were the  MAIN CAUSES of the Conflict between   = = Israel  and  Palestine? =

Introduction
= VS. =



="VIOLENCE LEADS TO ANOTHER VIOLENCE."=

In the above picture, there is a little boy, about the age of 4, holding and learning how to shoot a gun. That is very unusual for a 4-year-old child to learn how to shoot a gun when even a 12-year-old American boy not only does not know how to shoot a gun but also are not allowed to go near or touch the gun at all. In the right side, you could see several dead bodies lying down on the ground and fire in the left corner. Why does this picture contain so much violence and what does it symbolize? The answer to above question is the CONFLICT BETWEEN ISRAEL AND PAL EST INE. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been ongoing for many decades. It is a dispute between the Israel and Palestine over the land. Israel was established in 1948 but the Palestinians were already living in the same area which caused ongoing disputes. Palestine was not a country nor state but just a former area of Ottoman Empire. However, when Israel claimed Palestine to be their land, Palestinians became angry and tried stop Israel. This was the start of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and is still continuing this day.



media type="youtube" key="EVqXGbGhROM" height="344" width="425"(A Brief History of the Israel/Palestine Conflict)

TIMELINE
- I made a timeline about Israel and Palestine.

History
First of all, in order to get deeper and understand about this topic, you must learn the basic facts about these two countries, in another words: History of Palestine and Israel.

**History: Palestine ** Palestine is not a country nor a state but just the name of a particular area. It is located in the farthest west of Middle East and it was called Palestine since the Roman times. (It was called Canaan in the Bible.) In the Bible, Palestine was called "PHILISTINE ." However, there are ongoing debate about whether these Philistines are ancestors of Palestine or they are just "sea peoples" from Greece. But Palestine and Philistine have 2 similarities: They both occupied same area and had disputes with Israel. Palestine was later conquered by the Ottoman Empire on 1516 A.D. until World War I. On 1920, British Mandate of Palestine started and ruled until 1948. It was a League of Nations Mandate which declared to control until they are able to stand by themselves and called for reestablishment of Jewish State. But in 1947, the British handed over their territory in this west coast area of Middle East to the UN because they thought "they could not deal with the escalating problem." (A Brief History of the Israel/Palestine Conflict - 1:05 YouTube video. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVqXGbGhROM&feature=related>) The solution was to divide the land into two parts for Arab and Jewish. Now, the Palestinians occupy the Gaza Strip and part of West Bank as shown in above picture.

British Mandate of Palestine Flag

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History: Israel
Israel is one of the unhappiest but at the same time, happiest country. In the Bible, Israel was the promise land of God and the people were people of God. Because of this, they flourished until other civilizations, such as Egypt, Babylon and Rome, attacked and made Israel as part of their land. During the <span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 23px; color: rgb(255, 146, 41);">DIASPORA, Jewish people scattered around the world, mostly throughout Europe, except their own land. For centuries, Jewish people never stepped into their land and this is why they are the unhappiest country. However, they are also the most blessed people because with their knowledge, Jewish people earned most of the money. (For example, in Shakespeare's famous comedy, The Merchant of Venice, the Jewish tax collector, Shylock, was very rich and also greedy. Although Shylock was depicted as a very bad, greedy man, he is also very smart and rich.) Although Israelites had the most tragic history, they became one of the most successful people. It all started 3,000 years ago when Abraham and his tribe moved to the "promised land ," Canaan. In 1030 B.C. the Kingdom of Israel was established under the rule of first King Saul. In 1008 B.C., King David succeeded Ish-boseth, the son of Saul, as the 3rd king of Israel. His reign was the Golden Age and during this period, Israelites thrived. The second Golden Age continued to next reign of Solomon who was known as the "wise king." After his reign, Kingdom of Israel split into two kingdoms: Kingdom of Israel and Kingdom of Judah. For 200 years, it was divided into two kingdoms until the Assyria conquered over Israel. Israelites were forced to exile to other places, which was the first <span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 146, 41); line-height: 23px;">DIASPORA. In 586 B.C. the Babylonian Empire conquered Kingdom of Judah and in 538 B.C. Persian Empire conquered Babylon, which meant conquer of Israel. King Cyrus of Persia freed the Israelites from slavery and let them return back to Jerusalem. In this period, the Second Temple was built and reestablishment of Israel under control of Persia. But their restoration of Jewish rule did not last long. In 64, Roman Empire conquered over Israel and <span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 146, 41); line-height: 23px;">DIASPORA of Israelites began. This time, Israelites were scattered and were never united until 1948. After many centuries since their <span style="line-height: 23px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 146, 41);">DIASPORA, the people of Israel were finally united in 1948. They were given part of their original land back and although it is very small compared to what they had but the important part is that they got their land back finally. However, that was the problem that became so large to become a big issue to this day: Israeli-Palestinian Conflict.

Cause of Conflict: Before 1948
Long before 1948, back to the time when Ottoman Empire controlled over the Middle East, there was no country called Palestine only group of people formed in the area to be called Palestinians. However, because of <span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(0, 255, 0);">NATIONALISM, "Palestinians" were united and started to want for their own country. (// Kapitan, Tomis, Philosophical Perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict//. - pg. 3) Although that never happened, <span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 23px; color: rgb(0, 255, 0);">NATIONALISM, indeed, had affected Palestinians to feel so independent. Nationalism united back the people who lived in Palestine and start to feel they are part of a country not just an area. This applies to the Israelites who lived in many places, such as United States, England, France, Germany, etc. Although these Israelites lived apart from each other, <span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 23px; color: rgb(0, 255, 0);">NATIONALISM united them together. <span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial;">Also, Palestinians and Israelites fought over <span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 120%; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">LAND <span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial;">. They both claimed that the owner of the West coast of Middle East is them and had small and big fights for many centuries. According to the Bible, Philistines (Palestine) and Israelites had been fighting even before the times of Golden Age when King David ruled over Israel. Stories like Samson and how David killed Goliath are examples of the struggle between these two people.



Cause of Conflict: After 1948
In the late nineteenth century, a new philosophy, or a belief, emerged: <span style="line-height: 23px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(128, 0, 128);">ZIONISM<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 19px; font-size: 13px;">. <span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(128, 0, 128); line-height: 23px;">ZIONISM called for establishment of State of Israel in the land of Palestine. ( Kapitan, Tomis. //Philosophical Perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict//. - pg. 4) It was the Nationalism that created this movement and it was Zionism that the State of Israel was built. " It centers on control of territory and, as common in such disputes, is characterized by conquest, destruction, and revenge, with all the animosity and sorrow that these actions bring. Nationalism, Zionism, etc. caused the conflicts between Israel and Palestine." (Tomis Kapitan. //Philosophical Perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.// - pg. vii Preface) Before the unification of Israel, Palestine had already occupied the land. Because of this reason, Palestinians were unpleasant and unhappy of the fact that the new State took away their land. This led to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and became very huge. When the State of Israel was created, many countries opposed against Israel because <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Israelites were taunted/persecuted throughout History for their race. Also on the day that State of Israel was established, Arab neighboring countries attacked Israel. Ironically the Israelites win and leading to "capture 78% of the country. Almost a million Palestinians became refugees as they fled their homes and country." (A Brief History of the Israel/Palestine Conflict - 1:35) Also, many Jews, who sought for establishment of Israel, " <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 120%; color: rgb(0, 128, 128);">MIGRATED IN MASSIVE NUMBERS <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> to Palestine, which caused an angry and violent reaction from the Palestinians." (A Brief History of the the Israel/Palestine Conflict - 0:50) In 1993, both leaders of Israel and Palestine met in Washington D.C. with Bill Clinton to sign one of the first official peace accords: Oslo Accords. This was signed in order to create tranquility between the two countries. However, although the leaders of Israel and Palestine signed and tried to stop the tension that is created between Israel and Palestine, there are some "extremist groups that violently oppose any compromise." (A Brief History of the Israel/Palestine Conflict - 2:25) As I have said, <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); font-size: 120%;">VIOLENCE <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> leads to another <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); font-size: 120%;">VIOLENCE <span style="line-height: normal; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. It was Palestinians and other Arabic countries who started all this conflict because they opposed Israel to establish their own state. Because they used violence to solve this problem, Israelites felt their only choice is also violence. If the Arabic countries used words instead of violence, I believe this whole conflict could have been solved a long time ago. But instead, they chose to use violence and now hatred amongst the people grew rapidly.

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Conclusion
The main question is: "Will this war end in peace or lead to another great war?" I believe that one day, the Middle East will have peace once again. In 1993, leaders from both Israel and Palestine met together with Bill Clinton and signed a peace treaty: Oslo accords. (A Brief History of the Israel/Palestine Conflict - 2:15) However, after 1993, there has still been many violence used between Israel and Palestine. Many Palestinians were put into refuges and lead a terrible life whereas Israelites are leading happy life like the Americans. (A Brief History of the Israel/Palestine Conflict - 2:57 & 3:12) Oslo Accords is one of the first steps for peace in Middle East and will someday hope for tranquility once again.

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Work Cited:
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS'; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(38, 42, 44);">
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 * 2) "A brief history of the Israel/Palestine conflict." //YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.// 24 May 2009. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVqXGbGhROM&feature=related>.
 * 3) "Causes of Israel Palestine Conflict." //Free Articles Directory | Submit Articles - ArticlesBase.com//. 24 May 2009. <http://www.articlesbase.com/destinations-articles/causes-of-israel-palestine-conflict-431016.html>.
 * 4) Deligne, Frederick. "Pope Show in Middle East." //CagleCartoons//. 28 May 2009. <http://www.caglecartoons.com/viewimage.asp?ID={EEE013B2-BB3A-4F98-9AC8-70D609B7CEF3}>.
 * 5) Fraser, T. G. //The Arab-Israeli Conflict Second Edition (Studies in Contemporary History)//. 2nd ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
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 * 14) Deligne, Frederick. "Pope Show in Middle East." //CagleCartoons//. 28 May 2009. <http://www.caglecartoons.com/viewimage.asp?ID={EEE013B2-BB3A-4F98-9AC8-70D609B7CEF3}>.
 * 15) Fraser, T. G. //The Arab-Israeli Conflict Second Edition (Studies in Contemporary History)//. 2nd ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
 * 16) "A Global World, 1914-Present." //ABC-CLIO//. 2009. 24 May 2009. <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=39&entryid=340471&searchtext=israeli-palestinian+conflict&type=simple&option=all>.
 * 17) "Israel Flag." //Orion: Manpower Canada//. 27 May 2009. <http://www.orionservice.biz/images/IsraelFlag.gif>.
 * 18) "The Israel Palestine Conflict Pt2 Palestine and the Ottomans." //YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.// 24 May 2009. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AK4nNvV5mLg>.
 * 19) "Israeli-Palestinian Conflict - Whose at Fault? | Mapleleafweb.com." //Mapleleafweb.com | Canada's Premier Political Education Website!// 24 May 2009. <http://www.mapleleafweb.com/political-cartoons/israeli-palestinian-conflict-whose-fault>.
 * 20) Kapitan, Tomis. //Philosophical Perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict//. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 1997.
 * 21) "News | [Timeline] U.S. foreign policy and the Middle East." //Al Arabiya News Channel//. 27 May 2009. <http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2008/10/30/59172.html>.
 * 22) "Palestinian Flag." //The Memri Economic Blog//. 27 May 2009. <http://memrieconomicblog.org/images/uploaded/palestine_flag.gif>.
 * 23) <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS'; line-height: 20px; color: rgb(38, 42, 44);">"Peace Palestine and Israel - End the Conflict." //YouTube//. 1 June 2009. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqUY7TKyzCM&feature=related>.
 * 24) <span style="color: rgb(38, 42, 44); font-family: 'Trebuchet MS'; line-height: 20px;">"YouTube - Documentary film about Israel Palestine conflict." //YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.// 01 June 2009. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXvqm6qldCE&feature=related>.
 * 25) <span style="color: rgb(38, 42, 44); font-family: 'Trebuchet MS'; line-height: 20px;">"David and Goliath." //Entrophy Blog//. 1 June 2009. <http://entropy.homelinux.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/david-and-goliath.gif>.