Europe+D+Janet+Staci+Jorma

__**Back Ground information**__ Renaissance (rebirth): a period of 1300-1600 Europe had fresh and new ideas of creativity in Europe. • Begun in northern Italy (due to the advantages: thriving cities (Urban city than the rest), wealthy merchants and classical heritage of Greece and Rome) and later spread to north • Crusaders, the oversea traders brought in new ideas which made the place of origin of intellectual revolution • AND the plague hits Europe and makes advantages for survivors business expansion

__**Culture/Art**__ • Artist and scholar of the Renaissance looked down on the art and literature of the Middle Ages but drew inspiration on ruins of Rome that surrounded them • Humanism – human potential and achievements • Humanist inspired artist and architects to carry classical traditions and made Humanities which are subjects on history and literature studies and philosophy • Secular – worldly and concerned with the here and now • Humanist suggest person might enjoy life without offending god • Investors: patrons –people who financially supports artist • As the century advanced the art style changed • Portray religious subjects but used realistic form such as citizens • Perspective – indicates three dimension found • German painters focused on religious subjects, classical myth and painted realistically (detailed which revealed personality) • Put emphasis on individualism and pleasures
 * ART**

• Produced work that reflected their times or to self express or to portray individuality for their subjects • Used different wording to publish books • Woman wrote about personal subjects • Focused on the topics of masterful comman of the English language and a deep understanding of human beings • Created the word Utopia, no place
 * WRITERS**

__**Science/Technology**__ • Started with China’s black printing to print out books; however it took to much time • Made the printing press – a machine that presses paper against a tray full of inked movable type which made several hundred copies of the Gutenberg Bible • Made ideas spread quickly • new architecture has improved its way up in the renaissance period to make forts and buildings • Leonardo Da Vinci was one of the important and well known artist and scientist of the century
 * oil based paints developed bringing the painters a new material in art to be an expert in
 * created the globe and developed compass that has been originally brought from China in order to seek wealth and interest on new countries and the world
 * improvements on Caravel:
 * improved rudder allowed the caravel to turn more easily
 * large cargo area that was capable of carrying the numerous supplies needed for voyages
 * triangular sails allowed the caravel to sail effectively against the wind and keep on track

__**Social Hierarchy**__ "Surprisingly, this action was created and supported by the Catholic Church." 
 * The Social Classes during the Renaissance Period
 * 1) royalty
 * 2) priests
 * 3) nobles
 * 4) merchant & artisan
 * 5) peasant & servant
 * ex of how strong the power is;
 * power of priests; hogsflesch, ppl dieing due to witch crafts
 * Discrimiation of Women during the Renaissance period
 * "During the Renaissance when the Catholic Church decided, “God had changed his mind,” women did become more active in the arts but progress was slow all the way through the beginning of the 1,800’s."
 * "In the Renaissance times a Renaissance Woman was supposed to marry well, be loyal to her husband and give birth to boys. A Renaissance Man, on the other hand, had to be well-educated, have cultural grace, be a gentleman and understand the arts and sciences. He also had to have refinement, be of noble birth and have courage." 


 * __Philosophy__**

>> “Rome and Southern Italy, 1600–1800 A.D. | Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art.” 25 Aug 2008 .
 * Humanism
 * from Italy
 * predicted to be, by Petrarca (English; Petrarch)
 * Heliocentrism; theory that sun is in the center of the solar system
 * Hermeticism; believes based primarily upon the writings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus
 * Galileo Galeli
 * pythgorean theorem
 * Giovanni Paolo Panini (Italian, Roman, 1691–1765)

__**Bibliography**__ 
 * Textbook; Modern World History
 * BBC; Historian's many hats
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrarch
 * “Document Page: 03: Renaissance Italy.” 24 Aug 2008 http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/elib/do/document?set=search&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=4&edition=&ts=10FDB4D7F62D0763F743A34253B5B0D8_1219578554762&start=1&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B142781138.

Thesis Statement In Western Europe, people advanced as independent individuals due to dramatic changes in art/culture, technology, social hierarchy and philosophy.