Western+migration+and+cultural+interactions+pp.+358–369,+378–379

- belief that the America nation was destined to eventually expand all the way to the Pacific Ocean - possibly to embrace Canada in the North and Mexico in the South - believed that American liberty and ideals should be shared with everyone possible ** Cultural Interactions ** - In fact, California was Mexican territory. - However, “foreigners” unleashed a barrage of physical and political attacks against their competitors. - Lynch mobs, camp riots, and legal harassment were common - **Despite their entitlements to the rights of citizenship, the California was badgered and bullied into retreat.** - Overall, as Hispanic Americans lost their majority status, they also lost many of their basic rights. - the **Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints** - committed to restoring the **pure religions** - authorization of **polygamy** - **no birth control** - Mormons started in Ohio and Missouri but moved to **Illinois** - Young, a new leader, established a Mormon community in Utah - **successful western settlement** - model of discipline and religious dedication - Utah’s main problem: determination of its political status - fought to maintain its autonomy and polygamy - federal government militarily forced to bring Utah in control - Utah accepted the nominal authority of governor Mormons got rid of their tradition of polygamy 100 years ago. However, in May, there was a Mormon branch in USA that kept the tradition of polygamy. They have been kidnapping women from nearby villages and forced them to marry men. They would take young girls at age 8~10 and grew them to form polygamy society. - The Oregon Trail helped the United States implement its cultural goal of ** [|Manifest Destiny] ** - The five to six month journey spanned over half the continent as the wagon trail proceeded **3,500 kilometers** west through territories - become six [|U.S. states] : ** [|Missouri], [|Kansas] , [|Nebraska] , [|Wyoming] , [|Idaho] , and [|Oregon] .** **-** The **Santa Fe Trail** was a [|historic] [|19th century] transportation route through southwestern [|North America] **connecting [|Missouri] with [|Santa Fe, New Mexico] .** - it served as a **vital commercial and military highway** until the introduction of the [|railroad] to Santa Fe in 1880. - it was international **trade route** between the [|United States] and [|Mexico] - After the U.S. acquisition of the Southwest, the trail helped open the region to U.S. economic development and settlement, playing a **vital role in the expansion of the U.S.**
 * Western Migration and Cultural interactions **
 * Manifest Destiny **
 * 1. Mexicans **
 * - ** As California Gold Rush gathered people from everywhere, Mexicans also sought to dig gold.
 * 2. Mormons **
 * - ** Under **Joseph Smith,** Mormons established in the region of the **Great Salt Lake**
 * Side note: shocking current issue **
 * 3. Oregon Trail **
 * - ** Pioneers traveled across the **Oregon Trail to settle** news parts in USA in 19C.
 * 4. Santa Fe Trail **