Emergence+of+the+second+party+system+pp.+296–300+Youjin

The emergence of the Whigs (1834)

 * New national party- the Whigs, was started by group of leaders who passed the censure resolution in the Senate.
 * Its name implied opposition to royal power and dictatorship.
 * The Whigs had large support from Republicans associated with Clay and New England ex-Federalist mostly northerners.
 * It also had support from southern proponents of states' rights. Particularly enraged about Jackson's stand on nullification and withdrawal of federal deposits from the Federal Bank.
 * Whigs believe in liberal states which oppose interference on economy
 * Anti-Masonic party influenced the Whigs party. Anti Masons appealed to fear of secret societies and Protestantism.
 * Detested that Democrats tolerated "sinful behavior," such as gambling, drinking, etc
 * Were against Jackson's economic policies such as species circular, which required to pay with gold and silver for public land to mitigate inflation.
 * Blamed the Panic of 1837 on Jacksonian finance policies

Heyday of the Second Party System

 * second party system resulted from the election of 1840, where Whigs won by blaming decline in economy on Democrats
 * Economic issues in 1840s
 * 1) Whigs stood for a "positive liberal state"- govt had the right and duty to subsidize or protect enterprises that could contribute to general prosperity and economic growth.
 * 2) Whigs supported industrialists for tariff, merchants who favored internal imporvemnts to commerce, and farmers& planters who had adapted to market economy
 * 3) Democrats were "negative liberal states"- similar to laissez-faire.
 * 4) Democrats appealed to smaller farmers, workers, declining gentry, and emerging entrepreneurs.

Whigs- more like Federalist/ believed in orderly progress under enlightened elite; market economy, price determined by supply and demand ; the propertied, well-educated, and the pious lead for common good.

Democrats- white male equality and personal liberty; each man was independent and self-sufficient; individuals are not interfered with